Cervical Cancer Risk Factors & Prevention
Long-term use of birth control pills and having multiple children have been associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer, according to leading medical experts in Abu Dhabi. Dr. Summia Zaher, a consultant in obstetrics and gynaecology at M42’s Danat Al Emarat Hospital, emphasized the hormonal link to cervical cancer and the importance of preventive measures and regular screenings.
Dr. Summia highlighted the impact of oral contraceptives on hormonal connections to cervical cancer. She explained that natural hormones like estrogen and progesterone, produced by the ovaries, stimulate the growth of certain cancers, including cervical cancer. Synthetic versions of these hormones, as found in birth control pills, may increase cancer risk and alter cervical cells' susceptibility to persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, closely associated with cervical cancer.
Studies highlighted by Dr. Summia indicated a correlation between the duration of oral contraceptive use and cervical cancer risk. Women using contraceptives for more than five years have a higher risk, with a notable doubling of the risk for those using them for 10 years or more. However, once women stop using oral contraceptives, their cervical cancer risk gradually declines over time.
Regarding childbirth, Dr. Summia noted that women with more children may face a higher risk due to increased exposure to HPV infection and hormonal changes during pregnancy. The timing of pregnancies also plays a role, with those having their first full-term pregnancy before the age of 20 at a higher risk.
Beyond hormonal factors and childbirth, additional risk factors for cervical cancer include family history, smoking, dietary habits, and economic status. Limited access to healthcare services, including screenings and vaccinations, may contribute to higher risks for lower-income women.
Dr. Shweta Narang, medical director and director of clinical operations at M42’s National Reference Laboratory, emphasized the importance of regular screening tests for early detection. Screening methods typically involve a combination of Pap tests and HPV screening, with frequency varying by age.
While HPV vaccination significantly reduces cervical cancer risk, Dr. Shweta stressed the importance of regular screening through Pap smears. Raising awareness about preventive measures empowers women to take control of their health and reduce the global burden of cervical cancer.
Dr. Summia recommended lifestyle changes to prevent cervical cancer, including quitting smoking, regular exercise, maintaining a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and ensuring good sleep hygiene. These changes not only contribute to cervical cancer prevention but also foster overall well-being and immune system health.
In summary, understanding the hormonal and lifestyle factors associated with cervical cancer risk is crucial for prevention and early detection. By emphasizing the importance of regular screenings, vaccinations, and lifestyle modifications, medical experts aim to empower women to take proactive steps towards reducing their risk of cervical cancer and promoting overall health and well-being.
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By- Sahiba Suri
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